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}} Sir Norman Joseph Wisdom,〔 OBE (4 February 1915 – 4 October 2010) was an English actor, comedian, and singer-songwriter best known for a series of comedy films produced between 1953 and 1966 featuring his hapless onscreen character Norman Pitkin. Wisdom gained celebrity status in lands as far apart as South America, Iran and many Eastern Bloc countries, particularly in Albania where his films were the only ones by Western actors permitted by dictator Enver Hoxha to be shown. Charlie Chaplin once referred to Wisdom as his "favourite clown".〔 Wisdom later forged a career on Broadway in New York and as a television actor, winning critical acclaim for his dramatic role of a dying cancer patient in the television play ''Going Gently'' in 1981. He toured Australia and South Africa.〔 After the 1986 Chernobyl disaster, a hospice was named in his honour.〔 In 1995 he was given the Freedom of the City of London and of Tirana.〔 The same year he received an OBE.〔 Wisdom was knighted in 2000 and spent much of his later life on the Isle of Man. His later appearances included roles in ''Last of the Summer Wine'' and ''Coronation Street'',〔 and he retired from acting at the age of 90 after his health deteriorated. ==Early life== Norman Joseph Wisdom was born in the Marylebone district of London. His parents were Frederick, a chauffeur, and Maud Wisdom (née Targett), a dressmaker who often worked for West End theatres, and had made a dress for Queen Mary.〔Don't Laugh at Me, p. 1〕 The couple married in Marylebone on 15 July 1912. Wisdom had an elder brother, Frederick Thomas "Fred" Wisdom (13 December 1912 – 1 July 1971). The family lived at 91 Fernhead Road, Maida Vale, London W9, where they slept in one room. Wisdom quipped, "I was born in very sorry circumstances. Both of my parents were very sorry."〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Norman Wisdom Quotes )〕 He and his brother were raised in extreme poverty and were frequently hit by their father.〔 After a period in a children's home in Deal, Kent, Wisdom ran away when he was 11 but returned to become an errand boy in a grocer's shop on leaving school at 13. Having been kicked out of his home by his father and become homeless,〔''Norman Wisdom: My Story'', BBC Two, 15 October 2010〕 in 1929 he walked (by his own account) to Cardiff, Wales, where he became a cabin boy in the Merchant Navy. He later also worked as a coal miner, waiter and page boy. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Norman Wisdom」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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